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Power dressing is a workplace fashion style that was popular among working women in the late 1970s and 1980s involving establishing their authority in a professional and political environment traditionally dominated by men.
Power dressing emerged in the second half of the 1970s, tied to a rise in opportunities for women in the workforce. John T. Molloy popularized the concepts with manuals called Dress for Success (1975) and Women: Dress for Success (1977). He recommend the skirted suit as "uniform" of professional women, stressing that a gendered professional dress code was how women would acquire authority, respect and power at work.Buy this Book: Studies in Advertising and Consumption", Mica Nava, Andrew Blake, Iain MacRury, Barry Richards – Routledge, 1997
Early forms of power dressing resembled male garments: tailored suits, jackets with padded shoulders, roll-neck sweaters and knee length skirts. The upper part of the body was covered by a jacket to de-emphasize breasts, the bottom covered with a skirt that was a reminder of femininity."The Fashioned body – Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory", Joanne Entwistle, Polity Press, 2000 Accessories like silk scarves and discreet jewelry, like Brooch or Pearl, added femininity. Power clothing is typically neutral shades like navy, grey, and black or non-floral patterns such as pinstripes, houndstooth, and Tartan.
It was not until women's acceptance as authoritative professionals that the men's suit was renovated into a feminized garment with different fabric, cut, color and ornament — clothing to stand out from male apparel, not just blend in."Fashioning Power – Visual self-presentation in Social Life", Anna Akbari, Submitted to The New School for Social Research in May 2008 - Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. (Dissertation Committee: Dr. Jeffrey Goldfarb, Dr. Elzbieta Matynia, Dr. Jacho Kang, Dr. Marshall Blonsky) Mid- to late-1980s power uniforms expanded to include blouses with cravat neck wrappings or Foulard and other feminine elements. Shoulder pad designs of Claude Montana are considered a defining feature of 1980s power dressing.
Professional women used this clothing style to detach themselves from aesthetics-focused or frivolous notions of fashion and instead embody self-esteem and confidence."Buy this Book: Studies in Advertising and Consumption", Mica Nava, Andrew Blake, Iain MacRury, Barry Richards – Routledge, 1997 A primary purpose of power dressing is to reduce sexualization of the female body, which can interfere with workplace operations and conflict with ideas of authority."The Fashioned body – Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory", Joanne Entwistle, Polity Press, 2000 Clothing may counterbalance aspects of a woman's natural feminine appearance and prevent sexual misinterpretation."The Fashioned body – Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory", Joanne Entwistle, Polity Press, 2000
Typical power suits worn by Margaret Thatcher consisted of a wide shoulder skirt suit, a pussy bow blouse, her famous Asprey handbag, and a pearl necklace. According to Vogue, Thatcher reinvented her appearance for the Prime Minister role per Molloy's suggestions.
The 1988 film Working Girl demonstrates business elegance of superboss Katherine, who wears a mid-grey collarless silk jacket with padded shoulders as well as vivid red dresses. The secretary Tess differs stylistically, wearing a long black sparkly dress and a dark brown fur coat that attracts attention, causing her to be described as: "the first woman … that dresses like a woman, not like a woman would think a man would dress if he was a woman". Other, younger secretaries wear nonprofessional clothing like leopard print jackets, tights, baggy leather outerwear, and gaudy hoop earrings.
The 2011 biographical drama of Margaret Thatcher, called The Iron Lady, shows stylistic aspects of her transformation into Britain's prime minister.
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